According to the law of inverse or equivalent proportion-
If an element A combines with two other elements B and C separately and B and C also combine with each other, then B and C will combine in that ratio or in simple multiple of that ratio according to weight in which B and C separately coincide with a certain mass of A.
Law of Reciprocal Proportion also known as Equivalent Proportion.
The law of inverse proportion can be explained with the help of the following example-
Carbon (C) and hydrogen (H) combine chemically to form methane (CH4). There are 12 grams of carbon and 4 grams of hydrogen in 16 grams of methane. Carbon (C) and oxygen (O) combine chemically to form carbon dioxide (CO2). There are 12 grams of carbon and 32 grams of oxygen in 44 grams of carbon dioxide. Hence, the ratio of the masses of hydrogen and oxygen that combine separately with the same amount of carbon (12 grams) is 4 grams : 32 grams i.e. 1 : 8.
According to the law of inverse proportion, when hydrogen and oxygen combine with each other, the ratio of their masses will be the same or its simple multiple. In water (H2O) formed by mutual combination of hydrogen and oxygen, the mass ratio of these two elements is only 1:8. In hydrogen peroxide formed by the mutual combination of hydrogen and oxygen, the mass ratio of these two elements is 1:16, which is a simple multiple of 1:8.
Note: In some compounds, the number of atoms of elements is more. Like the law of multiple proportions, this law will also not be true for those compounds.
No comments:
Post a Comment